Bivariate Choropleth Map

Source Url: http://proceedings.esri.com/library/userconf/proc99/proceed/papers/pap171/p171.htm

A bivariate choropleth map displays two variables within the same image.

Cadastral Map

Source Url: http://www.nlsc.gov.tw/websites/nlsceng/make_page.aspx?la=2&le=2&li=53&sno=152

A cadastral map is used to display boundaries and ownership.

Topographic Map

Source URL: http://geology.isu.edu/geostac/Field_Exercise/wildfire/topography.htm

Topographic maps represent three dimensional terrain features in a two dimensional format.  Contour lines are used to represent the elevation and shape of the land.  This example of a topographic map is used to show how firefighters use maps to plan how to fight wild fires.  The contour lines are imaginary lines that provide firefighters with valuable information about the terrain.

Cartographic Animation

Source Url: http://www.katrina.noaa.gov/

Cartographic animation is a combination of two dimensional and three dimensional images to portray the changing features in the atmosphere.  The attached image is an animation of Hurricane Katrina.

Isopleth Map

Source Urhttp://www.lewishistoricalsociety.com/wiki/tiki-read_article.php?articleId=65

An isopleth map uses contour lines to display information that is collected over an area rather than a particular point.  This map displays the sea level pressure over an area.

Index Value Plot

Source Url: http://www.securitystockwatch.com/InvestmentGuides/Water_Stocks.html

An index value plot shows data in a linear model in which outliers and influential points can be observed.  The attached map shows the value of different indices over time.  An index value plot is a valuable tool used to compare data.

Continuously Graded Proportional Circle Map

Source Url: http://geographyfieldwork.com/DataPresentationMappingTechniques.htm

A continuously graded proportional circle map uses data represented by circles whose size relates to a specific variable.  The size of the circle is not necessarily determined by the area of the region.

Isoline Map

Source Url: http://giscommons.org/?page_id=18

An isoline map uses contour lines to represent measured data.

DEM

Source Url: http://tahoe.usgs.gov/GIS.html

A digital elevation model (DEM) is a representation of a terrain's surface.  DEM's may be three dimensional or digital models.  They are created using elevation information.  The attached image is a digital model of the Tahoe region.

Parallel Coordinate Graph

Source Url: http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~cook/movabletype/archives/2007/10/parallel_coordi.html

A parallel coordinate graph is a visual representation of the relationship between various sets of data to include overlap.

DOQQ

Source Url: http://www.crwr.utexas.edu/gis/gishydro00/Class/trmproj/Donnelly/termproject.htm

A Digital Orthophoto Quarter-Quadrangle (DOQQ) image is a scale representation of a topographical map area.  It is created using aerial photography.

Classed Choropleth Maps

Source Url: http://my.ilstu.edu/~jrcarter/Geo204/Choro/

Classed choropleth maps are aerally averaged and the groups are combined and displayed in intervals.

Correlation Matrix

Source Url: http://seekingalpha.com/article/38932-u-s-asian-markets-least-correlated-globally

A correlation matrix is used to show the relationship between pairs of data.  It is created in a rectangular array with data placed in rows and columns.  The attached map shows the relationship between global equity indices and the Dow Jones Industrial Average.

Similarity Matrix

Source Url: http://www.softcodedlogic.com/ratebaseballplayers.htm

A similarity matrix shows the relationship and similarity between two sets of data.  The attached matrix shows the rating of various baseball players.

Box Plot

Source Url: http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/boxplot.htm

A box plot can be used to display numerical data through summaries.  It can also help identify outliers.  They can be created vertically or horizontally.

Histogram

Source Url: http://www.icoachmath.com/math_dictionary/histogram.html

A histogram is a bar graph in which the height of the vertical rectangles correspond to the values of the data provided on the y axis.

Population Profile Map

Source Url: http://www.census.gov/history/www/reference/maps/population_profile_maps.html

A population profile map is created to provide additional information about the population of a particular region.  This information could vary from economic makeup to gender and age information.  The attached map was created using data acquired during the 2000 census.

DLG Map

Source Url: http://tahoe.usgs.gov/GIS.html

Digital Line Graphs (DLG) represent a variety of cartographic features.  They are created using hypsographic data and by using specific scale maps.

Isopach Map

Source Url: http://www.kgs.ku.edu/PRS/Coal/mineral.html

An isopach map is a type of contour map that displays the rock or sediment thickness of a specific region.  The attached map is a representation of the mineral coal thickness across eight different counties.

Isohyet Map

Source Url: http://app2.nea.gov.sg/annual_review_new.aspx

An isohyet map is a type of contour map that displays the rainfall for a particular area over a specified period of time.  The attached map portrays the annual rainfall in 2011 for Singapore.

Isotach Maps

Source Url: http://www.ssec.wisc.edu/mcidas/software/v/samples/model.html

An isotach map is a type of contour map that displays the wind speed of a specific area for a specified time.

Statistical Map

Source Url: http://www.census.gov/geo/www/maps/msa_maps2003/us_wall_0603_rev.htm

Statistical maps show distance between locations based on specific values.  The attached map displays the statistical areas of the United States and Puerto Rico as determined by the Census Bureau.

Flow Map

Source Url: http://geophysics.ou.edu/geomechanics/notes/heatflow/global_heat_flow.htm

A flow map is used to show movement of a variable over a specified distance.  The attached image shows the heat flow from one area to the next.

Star Plot

Source Url: http://start1.jpl.nasa.gov/caseStudies/autoTool.cfm

A star plot is used to show three or more variables in a two dimensional model.

Bilateral Graph

Source Url: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/facts/2008_fotw546.html

A bilateral graph is created to show the relationship between two or more quantities.  In the attached image, each variable is identified using size and color. 

DRG

Source Url: http://tahoe.usgs.gov/GIS.html 

A Digital Rasta Graphic (DRG) is a topographic map scanned image.  The original image is created by the US Geological Survey.

Stem and Leaf Plot

Source Url: http://www.learner.org/courses/learningmath/data/session3/part_d/histogram.html

A stem and leaf plot is a graph type that summarizes the data.  They are typically utilized when there is a great deal of data to analyze.

Infrared Aerial photo

Source Url: http://www.midwestaerialphoto.com/images.html

An infrared aerial photo can be taken from either a plane or a satellite.  The photography equipment uses technology that is sensitive to the infrared spectrum.  This image was taken from an airplane using infrared technology.

Isobars Map

Source Url: http://www.nc-climate.ncsu.edu/edu/k12/.IsobarIsotherm

An isobars map is a type of contour map that details the air pressure for a particular region.  The "L" represents low pressure and the "H" represents high air pressure.  These maps can often be seen on the Weather Channel or on the local news weather report.

LIDAR Map

Source Url: http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/911/911-maps.html

A LIDAR Map is a detailed image of a specific area created using laser pulses with a global positioning system.  It shows the different earth surface relief features.  The attached map is a LIDAR image of the World Trade Center area.

Cartogram

Source Url: http://www.brewer-com.com/funPages/funMapsCartogram.html

A cartogram uses a different measurement variable other than distance or area to create the image.  The attached map is created with the state dimensions based on the number of electoral votes rather than the actual area of each state.

Standardized Choropleth Map

Source Url: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/92f0138m/2008003/figures/5200001-eng.htm

The attached image is a map used to represent that percentage of poulation that is 14 years or older in Canada.

Black and White Aerial Photo

Source Url: http://famouswonders.com/great-pyramids-of-giza/

Black and white aerial photographs use technology that only captures items and colors in the visible spectrum.  These aerial pictures may be taken using a plane or satellite.  The attached photo is an aerial black and white image of the great pyramids of Giza.

Doppler Radar Map

Source Url: http://origin.wtsp.com/weather/zoomradar/radar_fl.aspx

A Doppler radar is used to determine the quantity, speed, and direction of water droplets suspended in the air.  Doppler radar images are often seen on the news as a part of the weather forecast.  The attached image is a Doppler radar map of Florida from a local news station.

Lorenz Curve

Source Url: http://unu.edu/articles/global-change-sustainable-development/forest-income-and-household-welfare-in-rural-nigeria

A Lorenz Curve is a representation of the wealth of a particular population.  The attached image displays the income of families with and without forest income.

Triangular Plot Graph

Source URL: http://www.lithoprobe.ca/media/slideset/slides/tools20.asp

A triangular plot graph is a representation of three variables as portions of an equilateral triangle.  The relationship between the variables can be determined by examining the plot.

Windrose

Source Url: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/naaqs/ozone/areas/wind.htm

A wind rose is used to portray the way the direction and speed of wind are distributed in a specific location.  The attached image is a wind rose for the Tampa, Florida area.

Climograph

Source Url: http://drought.unl.edu/archive/climographs/TampaANC.htm

A climograph is a representation of temperature versus precipitation or humidity over a predetermined length of time.

Propaganda Map

Source Url: http://bigthink.com/strange-maps/38-the-world-according-to-ronald-reagan

A propaganda map is created to express the author's point of view and to influence the reader.  The attached map is a representation of how the author believed Ronald Regan saw the world at the time. 

Dot Distribution Map

Source Url: http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/learning/bitesize/standard/geography/population/distribution_density_rev1.shtml

A dot distribution map is an image that portrays one specific variable.  The goal of dot distrubtion maps is to make it easier for the reader to see the differences in density.  This map displays the population of each area with one dot representing 100,000 people. One can see the differences in population density easily by reading the map. 

Hypsometric Map

Source Url: http://www.rrcap.unep.org/centralasia/reapreport/map.cfm

A hypsometric map is a two dimensional map that communicates three dimensional data.  The third dimension may be relief features or some other aspect superimposed on the area.  The third dimension can be displayed using color, shaping, contour lines, or raised relief.

Planimetric Map

Source Url: http://www.ncdot.gov/doh/preconstruct/highway/photo/Products/Planimetric_maps_default.html

A planimetric map is a map that does not display relief features.  A road map is an example of a planimetric map.  The attached  map is used to create designs for transportation products.  It is a two dimensional map that does not display any of the possible surrounding relief features.

Scatter Plot Graph

Source Url: http://www.ncl.ucar.edu/Applications/scatter.shtml

A scatter plot graph is a representation of two variables for a specific set of data.  In the attached image, the variables are latitude and longitude and the data represented is the location of stations.

PLSS Map

Source Url: http://geology.isu.edu/geostac/Field_Exercise/topomaps/plss.htm

A PLSS map is created by establishing a starting point for an area.  Meridians and baselines extend from this point.  A grid is then made at 6 mile intervals from the meridians and baselines creating townships and ranges. 

Thematic Map

Source Url: http://visualizingeconomics.com/2007/09/18/united-states-income-map-2006-by-state/

A thematic map is used to provide information about a specific them for a particular region.  The attached map's theme is the median household income for the area of the United States.

Mental Map

Source URL: http://www.geo.wvu.edu/~oberhauser/Teaching/Human/mentalmaps.htm

This is an example of a mental or cognitive map.  A cognitive map is a representation of an area or space as defined by the creator. Mental maps may or may not be accurate representations of the area.  Space and placement may be altered or omitted if it is not important to the map maker.  This map creator drew a picture of what she believes the area around her home to look like.  The creator's home is the center of the map.  The map is his/her representation of a small portion of Charleston, West Virgina.  It contains places that are important to the map maker and omits places that the author believes are not necessary for this map.